eLCOSH : Guides for Managing Silica Control Programs in Construction

Guides for Managing Silica Control Programs in Construction

Share this using: | | More

Mark Goldberg, Nancy Clark, Katya Wanzer, Norman Zuckerman

Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Hunter College - Urban Public Health Program

Overview

Section 1: Planning for Respirator Use

Section 2: Mobilizing at the Work Site

Section 3: Day-to-Day Practices

Section 4: Records & Evaluation

Section 5: Checklists, Sample Forms & Further Information

Overview

This guide outlines the steps for planning and managing a respirator protection program for workers exposed to crystalline silica dust during construction activities. It covers all the components of a respirator protection program as required by OSHA. The guide will be helpful to anyone with respirator program responsibilities; it can be used in its entirety or by section.

Why do you need a respirator program?

It is required by OSHA whenever respirators are used.
Respirators must be used when engineering and work practice controls fail to reduce crystalline silica dust exposure below the Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL).

Overview of the Tasks

1. Planning

2. Mobilizing

3. Day-to-Day Practices

4. Records and Evaluation

— This Guide will elaborate on these tasks —

Note: The most labor-intensive tasks are found in Sections 1 & 2. Once you get through the planning and mobilizing phases, you will be in good shape to manage the use of respirators at your site, maintain records, and conduct periodic program evaluations.

Planning for Respirator Use

There are three major tasks in setting up a respirator program:

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.1 Appointing a Respirator Program Manager (RPM)

Appointed by higher management
- Position can be assigned to a site safety officer, project engineer or other competent construction manager
RPM must be qualified by training and/or experience with the respirators used at the site
- Arrange respirator training if needed (see Resource List).
A qualified worker can be assigned day-to-day program tasks such as:
- fit testing
- training
- maintenance/cleaning
- assisting in program evaluation

1.2 Writing a site specific respirator program

Program can be written by RPM, company safety officer or IH consultant
The Program can be adapted from:
- company-wide program
- previous project
- OSHA model program
- commercially available program
The Program must address the following items:
- respirator selection
- medical evaluation
- use of repirators
- training
- fit testing
- maintenance
- record keeping
- evaluation
The Program must be site specific. It must address the use of respiratory protection under the conditions present at the site.
- The site-specific program is an open-ended document that is updated as respirator needs change at the site.
- The Sample Program in Section 5 (C-25) represents the program update after exposure monitoring and respirator selection have been completed. You can adapt this sample program to your site's conditions and needs.

1.3 Selecting the right respirator for the task*

1.3.a. Selecting a respirator before monitoring results are known:

*Occupational Exposure Limit Information

Managing respirator selection depends on comparing monitoring results to the occupational exposure limit. This Guide refers to two occupational exposure limits for crystalline silica: the ACGIH Threshold Limit Value (TLV) and the OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL). The TLV is 0.05 mg/m³. The OSHA PEL is roughly equivalent to 0.1mg/m³, but must be calculated for each sample. For more information, refer to the Background for Understanding the Silica Monitoring Report (B- 27). We prefer to use the TLV because it is more protective and more straightforward to apply.

1.3.b. Selecting a respirator after monitoring results are known

Select the correct Respirator Selection Flow Chart below, using either the TLV or PEL (see "Occupational Exposure Limit Information" on previous page).
Complete the blank Worksheet in Section 5 (C35/37).
- Refer to completed Work Sheet on the following page for assistance.

1.3.b (1) Using the ACG IH TLV:

Compare crystalline silica monitoring results to the TLV (0.05mg/m³).

Respirator Selection Flow Chart (TLV)

Step 1: List all activities that generate crystalline silica dust in the Sample Respirator Selection Worksheet (C-35). Seek input from job foremen, stewards, and workers.

Step 2: Identify workers (e.g., laborers, carpenters) and supervisors who do these activities or may be working nearby.

Step 3: Record air monitoring results as an 8-hour Time Weighted Average (TWA). Record highest result for each activity. See Guide for Managing Exposure Assessment for Crystalline Silica.

Step 4: Select a respirator using criteria in "Respirator Selection (TLV)" following this flowchart.

Step 5:Include respirator selection worksheet in your site-specific respirator program.

Step 6: Review respirator selection worksheet with job foremen, stewards, and workers and attach it to the written program.

Step 7: Post a copy in the project office, supply station, and worker shanties. It can also be reviewed during training sessions, safety meetings and toolbox talks.

Respirator Selection (TLV)

If results of monitoring for crystalline silica are between 0.05 mg/m³ and 0.5 mg/m³ :
- Use a half-face air purifying respirator with 100 series filters*
If results are between 0.5 mg/m³ and 2.5 mg/m³ :
- Use a full-face air purifying respirator with 100 series filters*
  - Must be quantitatively fit tested.
- Tight fitting powered air purifying respirator (PAPR)
- Atmosphere supplying respirator in continuous supply mode
If results are between 2.5 mg/m³ and 50 mg/m³ :
- Use an airline respirator operated in the pressure demand mode.

Sample Respirator Selection Worksheet (TLV)

Step 1: Activity	Step 2: Exposed Workers	Step 3: Monitoring Results (mg/m³)	Step 4: Respirator Selected
Chipping concrete	Laborers	0.2 mg/m³	Half face APR P-100 Filters
Grinding concrete	Laborers	0.8 mg/m³	Tight fitting PAPR or Atmosphere supplying respirator in continuous supply mode

*N/R/P-100 designation indicates filter resistance to oil.
N=not oil resistant/ R = oil resistant /P=oil proof

1.3.b (2) Using the OSHA PEL

Compute the PEL for each sample (RPM or IH consultant)
Calculate the severity of exposure (explanation included in 'Background for Understanding the Silica Monitoring Report' (B-27)
Select respirator with an Assigned Protection Factor (Table 1, C-8) greater than the calculated severity of exposure.

Refer to the completed worksheet (PEL) below.

Respirator Selection Flow Chart (PEL)

Step 1: List all activities that generate crystalline silica dust in the Sample Respirator Selection Worksheet (C-37). Seek input from workers, job foremen, and stewards.

Step 2: Identify workers (e.g., laborers, carpenters) and supervisors who do these activities or may be working nearby.

Step 3: Compute severity of exposure.

Step 4: Compare severity of exposure to Assigned Protection Factor in Table 1 below

Step 5: Select respirator with assigned protection factor greater than severity.

Step 6: Review respirator selection worksheet with job foremen, stewards, and workers and attach it to the written program.

Step 7: Post a copy in the project office, supply station, and worker shanties. It can also be reviewed during training sessions, safety meetings and toolbox talks.

Table 1: Assigned Protection Factors (for Most Commonly Used Respirators)

Respirator type	Assigned Protection Factor
Half-face air purifying with 100 series filters*	10
Full-face air purifying with 100 series filters*	50*
Tight fitting powered air purifying respirator (PAPR)	50
Atmosphere supplying respirator in continuous flow mode	50
Airline respirator with pressure demand mode	1,000

*N/R/P-100 designation indicates filter resistance to oil.
N=not oil resistant/ R = oil resistant /P=oil proof
#Must be quantitatively fit tested

Sample Respirator Selection Worksheet (PEL)

Step 1: Activity	Step 2: Exposed Workers	Step 3: Severity of Exposure	Step 4: Assigned Protector Factor	Step 5: Respirator Selected
Chipping concrete	Laborers	4	10	Half-face APR
Grinding concrete	Laborers	11	50	Full Face APR or Atmosphere supplying respirator in continuous flow mode

Section 1 Notes

The respirator program needs to be in place before workers use respirators for the first time. Like any other construction activity, using respirators will go a lot smoother if time and effort are put in upfront to plan and mobilize.
It is recommended that the program and records be kept together in a looseleaf binder
In general, the calculations for selecting the right respirators are done by the IH consultant.
Minimum respiratory protection for workers exposed to crystalline silica is a 1/2 face APR with P100 filters.
Assigned Protection Factor is a number assigned by NIOSH representing the minimum protection factor of a particular type respirator when used correctly

Mobilizing at the Worksite

Once the initial planning has been completed, it is time to mobilize people and equipment. Mobilization requires additional planning, coordination and paperwork.

Before a worker can use a respirator on-site the following activities must be completed:

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.1 Medical evaluation

2.1.a.

Reviewing the completed OSHA Respirator Medical Evaluation Questionnaire (MEQ)
Making medical determination of fitness to wear a respirator
Recommending any follow-up evaluation
Communicating result to employer/workers

2.1.b. Hiring a medical service

Find a PLHCP to provide medical evaluations for respirator users.
Section 5 Infosheet 1: Information to Gather When Hiring a Medical Service (C-39)
Provide PLHCP with a copy of the company respirator program and the completed Job/Task Information Form (C-41)

Tip for finding a medical service
Ask industrial hygiene consultants, unions, or industry associations for referrals for medical services. Also check the Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics for local services at www.aoec.org

2.1.c. Administering the medical evaluation

Medical evaluations can be administered in one of three ways:

The MEQ is completed on-site and reviewed off site by the PLHCP. See flow chart below: Preparing MEQs On-Site.

Any positive answer to a question must be followed up by a medical "consultation" or exam. The consultation can be as simple as a phone call from the PLHCP to the worker.
The PLHCP makes a determination of fitness for respirator use or recommends follow-up evaluation.

The MEQ is completed and reviewed on-site under the supervision of the PLHCP.

Again, any positive response to any question must be followed up by a medical consultation or exam.
The PLHCP makes a medical determination or recommends follow-up evaluation.

The PLHCP conducts a medical exam either on-site or at their facility.

The PLHCP determines the contents of the medical exam. There are no specific medical procedures or tests required by OSHA (i.e. pulmonary function tests are not required by OSHA but may be ordered by the PLHCP).
The PLHCP does not have to use the OSHA MEQ but must obtain the medical history information contained in it.
The PLHCP makes a medical determination or recommends follow-up evaluation.

Preparing MEQs On-Site

Step 1: Provide each worker being evaluated an MEQ, the form "Employee Instructions For Filling Out Respirator MEQ" (C-59 ) , and an envelope with their name on it (addressed to the medical service).

Step 2: Read out loud the "Employee Instructions for Filling Out Respirator MEQ".

Step 3: Have employee provide a contact phone number and time in case the PLHCP needs to speak with them.

Step 4: Provide employees with the telephone number of the medical service so they can contact the PLHCP if they have any questions.

Step 5: Provide a private area where employees can fill out questionnaires confidentially.

Step 6: Ask employees if they need a translator or someone to read the questionnaire to them.

Step 7: Instruct employees to place the completed questionnaire inside the envelope, seal it and return it to you.

Step 8 : Deliver the completed questionnaires to the medical service.

2.1d. Plan for special needs or potential problems

Refer to Table 2 below for dealing with common problems that arise in completing the MEQ Table 2: Troubleshooting

Problem	Solution
Follow-up evaluation recommended by PLHCP	Contract with local medical service for follow-up (consultations, tests, or physical examinations).
New hires.	Develop plan with medical service to accommodate new hires in a timely manner.
Worker says they have received respirator medical clearance at another job site.	Clearance may be accepted if 1. it is current 2. work conditions are approximately the same as when the certificate was issued 3. there has been no change in worker's health status.
Employee is cleared only for PAPR by the PLHCP.	Provide fit testing and training for PAPR
PLHCP has difficulty contacting workers for consultation.	Consultations can be performed by telephone at the job site, if confidentiality can be maintained
Employee is not medically cleared for respirator use.	Provide employee with task not requiring a respirator.
Worker reports problems related to respirator use.	Have worker describe problem. Check respirator fit and usage. Provide additional training if necessary. If the problem is medical, it might be necessary to readminister MEQ.

2.2 Training

Establish a training timetable. Conduct respirator training:
- before workers use a respirator for the first time
- if workplace conditions change
- whenever problems are noted (e.g., workers not wearing respirators when required)
- annually
Select person to do the training. This person can be any of the following individuals:
- the RPM
- a safety officer
- a union trainer
- a knowledgeable foreman, steward, or worker
- an IH consultant
Select a quiet, comfortable area in which to conduct the training.
Prior to training, review the training materials to ensure that they:
- are site specific - dealing with the conditions at the site
- include a review of respirator use
- are understandable to all workers - language and words that they know
Refer to Checklist 1: Suggested Respirator Training Topics (C-61)
The box below contains suggestions for training activities and discussions

Training Tips

Adults learn best when training is related to what they do and involves hands-on experience. Try these training activities:

Pass out respirators so users can examine them.
Ask workers to do positive and negative pressure seal checks.
Ask another worker to check that the respirator is on correctly.
Pass out a selection of defective respirators (wrong cartridges, worn or missing parts, dirty, etc.) and ask workers to identify defect.
Promote lively question and answer sessions. Use questions like: Why do workers take off their respirators? Do you think that the respirator protects you? When do you change the filters? Do the crystalline silica filters protect you from chemicals? Find solutions to problems that come up.
Use Checklist 1: Suggested Respirator Training Topics (C-61). Pass it out to one or more workers and ask them to check off each topic during the session. Review at end of the session.

2.3 Fit Testing

2.3.a. Scheduling fit testing:

After workers have been medically cleared
Before respirators are worn for the first time
Repeat fit testing:
- yearly
- whenever workers are assigned a different respirator brand or model
- when the worker has a physical change which might effect fit, like an obvious weight gain or loss
- if the worker, supervisor, RPM, or PLHCP requests it

2.3.b. Select person to do the fit testing:

Fit testing can be done by any of the following
- the RPM
- an industrial hygienist or safety professional
- respirator manufacturer representative
- trained worker specialist
The person must be familiar with the respirators used at the site and be able to follow the OSHA fit testing instructions.

2.3.c. Choose either a qualitative or quantitative fit test method:

Qualitative fit testing
- this method relies on a worker's sense of smell, sense of taste or the irritation of mucus membranes to detect leaks into the facepiece.
- a qualitative fit test kit can be ordered from many respirator manufacturers and safety equipment suppliers (see Resource List).
- Table 3 below summarizes important information on qualitative fit tests.
- refer to the OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard, 1910.134, Appendix A, for detailed instructions on fit testing.
- use the Respirator Fit Test Record in Section 5 (C-63)
Quantitative fit testing
- requires special equipment.
- is used for certain type respirators (SCBA/Full Face) when
  exposure levels are more than 10 times the PEL. For more information
  see OSHA's Small Entity Compliance Guide (see Resource List).
  - consult an industrial hygienist or safety professional if you
    select this method.

Table 3: Qualitative Fit Test Information

Fit Test Agent	Filter/Cartridge	Response
Saccharin	100 series filter*	taste-sweet (voluntary response)
Bitrex	100 series filter*	taste-bitter (voluntary response)
Irritant smoke	100 series filter*	nose and throat irritation (involuntary response; need well-ventilated space)
Banana oil	Organic vapor filter	smell (voluntary response)

*N/R/P-100 designation indicate resistance to oil.
N=not oil resistant/ R= oil resistant / P=oil proof

2.4 Ordering Respirators and Supplies

Order respirators
- one respirator for each worker
- more than one brand may be necessary to fit all workers
- maintain sufficient stock to replace and repair respirators as needed
Order filters
- The right filter for crystalline silica dust exposure is a 100 series (HEPA) filter (N/R/P). This filter can also be used with all fit test agents except banana oil which requires organic vapor cartridges
- Whichever filters or cartridges you use, make sure that they match the facepiece (same manufacturer/model respirator)
See Checklist 2: Respirator Supplies (C-65)

Note:these are guidelines for half-mask air-purifying respirators (APR). To order supplies for other types of respirators and masks, check with a local vendor or manufacturer.

Section 2 Notes

Workers need to be medically evaluated before being fit tested and trained. The last two activities can be conducted at the same time.
Medical evaluations are required by OSHA and conducted in order to determine if using a respirator will place a burden on a worker's health, resulting in an increase risk of illness, injury or death.
Medical evaluations must be completed during the normal work day or at a time co nvenient to the employee
The employer pays for the cost of the medical evaluation
Supervisors, foremen, or other company managers are not allowed to see or hear employees' answers to the questionnaires.
Often it is easiest to contact workers at the job site as long as confidentiality can be maintained.
English and Spanish versions of the MEQ can be found in Section 5 (C-43/51 ).
The trainer should be knowledgeable about site conditions and the type of respirators used.
Workers have to demonstrate to the trainer or supervisor that they know how to use their respirators properly. You can use an oral or written evaluation to do this.
Fit testing matches each worker with a respirator facepiece that fits comfortably on the face without leaking. Any leaks into the mask allow contaminated air to be inhaled.
Respirator facepieces come in a variety of brands, models, and sizes to fit most people. Beware: there is no one-size-fits-all respirator model!
Fit testing offers workers a chance to practice correct respirator usage as well as an opportunity to select a comfortable model.
Tight-fitting Atmosphere Supplying Respirators and PAPRs have to be fit tested in the negative pressure mode.
Rule of thumb: for every 25 workers, order 30 medium facepieces, 3 smalls, and 3 larges.

Day-to-Day Practices

This section includes guidance on:

3.1

3.2

3.1 Managing respirator use

Post Infosheet 2: Respirator Use Practices (C-67) in the office, the shanty and at the supply station.
Field supervisors, foremen and workers are responsible for making sure that respirators are used when necessary and that they are maintained and worn correctly.
- Have a protocol in place for dealing with workers who do not wear respirators when required.
Apply the respirator program uniformly and consistently: assure that all supervisory personnel and site visitors wear respirators in areas where they may be exposed to crystalline silica dust.
Discuss problems that arise in the field during management safety meetings and weekly worker toolbox talks.
As part of regular required evaluation, the RPM should make periodic audits of the site and note any problems..

Refer to Table 4 below, Troubleshooting Respirator Problems.

Table 4: Troubleshooting Respirator Problems

Problem	Solution
Filters don't fit on facepiece.	Make sure to order the correct filters for each type facepiece used on site. Never force or tape the wrong filter (e.g. from different brand respirator) onto the mask.
Respirators getting dirty on job site when not in use	Make sure workers have storage containers, e.g. plastic bags, rigid plastic storages containers. Replace as necessary.
Plastic storage bags fall apart easily.	Use heavy-duty freezer ziplock bags or rigid plastic containers. Replace as necessary.
No running water in work areas for cleaning respirators.	Use respirator sanitary wipes to clean up masks during work shifts. Follow manufacturer's cleaning instructions. Provide adequate wash-up stations.
Eyeglasses interfere with fit of full-face respirator.	Use spectacle kit available from respirator manufacturer.
Full-face (FF) respirator lens fogs up.	Use defogging solution available from manufacturer or supplier. Order a FF respirator with oral-nasal mask or substitute with a PAPR or supplied air respirator (SAR).
Difficult to communicate with others.	Consider using respirators with speaking aids; consult with manufacturer. Adopt hand signals when appropriate.
Respirator is hot and uncomfortable.	Provide non-contaminated, cool-off area where workers can remove respirator to wash face. Consider changing style of respirator for a lighter model or PAPR.
Respirators are frequently torn or worn-out.	Replace and repair as needed. Talk to supplier regarding different make or model respirator.
Respirator is missing inlet or exhaust valve covers.	Keep an adequate supply of spare parts on hand. Encourage workers to inspect and maintain their respirators.
Workers exposed to particulates and organic vapors.	Consult with respirator manufacturer about using combination cartridges.

3.2 Maintaining respirators

This person (a.k.a. Respirator Technician) is responsible for inspecting, repairing, maintaining supplies, and cleaning respirators.
- Candidates for the job could be a trained apprentice or journeyman.
On smaller jobs, workers can do these things for themselves as long as the RPM keeps an adequate stock of respirator supplies and the workers are trained in maintenance procedures recommended by the manufacturer. See Checklist 2: Respirator Supplies (C-65), for suggestions. Quantities needed will vary based on size of workforce and duration of project.

Section 3 Notes

It's simple - if workers wear respirators, they're protected from crystalline silica dust. If they don't - they're not.
Wearing a respirator for an extended period of time is uncomfortable and may interfere with communication. When possible, adopt practices to ease respirator use, such as short breaks away from exposure, alternating work that requires respirators with other activities.
Construction sites are rugged environments and respirators can take quite a beating. A well-stocked supply station will provide workers with everything they need to keep their respirators in tip-top shape.
Replacement filters and cleaning supplies should be available at work areas.

Records & Evaluation

This section reviews:

4.1

4.2

4.1 Recordkeeping

Records can be kept by RPM or delegated to office staff.
The following records should be maintained
- respiratory medical clearance
- fit test results
- training rosters
Records should be kept in alphabetical order in a file folder or loose-leaf binder together with the site-specific program.
Keep a Record Summary Spreadsheet (C-69) of individual worker records This can be done electronically or manually and should be maintained with the site-specific program. This summary spreadsheet can be designed to alert you to scheduling needs such as:
- training
- fit testing
- medical evaluation
- annual follow-ups

4.2 Evaluating site-specific program

The program is evaluated to:
- ensure that it is working effectively
- identify areas for improvement
The components of program evaluation are:
- reviewing the written guidelines and conducting site audits to assure proper implementation
- consulting with workers and supervisors about respirator usage
Program evaluation is conducted by the RPM with help from the company's safety person or an IH consultant.
Evaluation frequency is determined by the RPM based on exposure levels and complexity of respirator program.
Conduct the evaluation by walking around the site, observing respirator use, asking questions, and talking to the workers, foremen, and shop stewards.
Ongoing assessment of factors such as respirator fit, selection, proper use under site conditions, and maintenance.
Use the Checklist 3: Evaluation of Site Specific Respirator Program (C-71).

Section 4 Notes

Records are kept:
- To document respirator activities
- To evaluate the overall effectiveness of the program
- Because OSHA requires respirator program records and may review them during an inspection
Write up problems identified during assessments along with plans on how to correct them. Keep this information with other program records.

Checklists, Sample Forms, Info Sheets & Further Information

Sample Site Specific Respiratory Protection Program

Sample Respirator Selection Worksheet (TLV)

Step 1: Activity	Step 2: Exposed Workers	Step 3: Air Monitoring Results (mg/m³)	Step 4: Respirator Selected

Sample Respirator Selection Worksheet (PEL)

Step 1: Activity	Step 2: Exposed Workers	Step 3: Severity of Exposure	Step 4: Assigned Protection Factor	Step 5: Respirator Selected

Infosheet 1: Information to Gather When Hiring a Medical Service

Is service familiar with the medical evaluation requirements in the OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard (strongly recommended)
Is it familiar with construction work (recommended)
Is it familiar with occupational medicine (recommended)
Can it provide language translations (recommended if necessary)
Determine where and how service will administer MEQs - see Section 2 for choices
Is it capable of providing follow-up medical consultations if needed either in person or by phone or both (recommended)
Establish how long it takes to get medical determination back from the medical service
Is service capable of providing storage of MEQ records? (Records must be kept for thirty years after retirement)
Determine the costs of the initial evaluation, follow-up exams, record storage

Job/Task Information Form for the PLHCP

Please provide the following information about respirator users, site working conditions, potential exposures, and respirator selection. Also provide a copy of the company's current respirator program.

1.
Company Name___________________________________
Date____________________________________________
Respirator Program Manager ________________________
Phone__________________________________________
Address_________________________________________

2. Description of work tasks requiring respirators e.g. torch cutting
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________

3. How often are respirators being worn by employees?
hours per day_______
days per week_______
escape/rescue only________

4. Potential Exposures: (check all that apply)

lead____
asbestos____
crystalline silica____
methylene chloride____
solvents, paints, lacquers____
oxygen deficiency____
other(s) _______________________________________

5. Work Effort:
__ light (sitting, standing)
__ moderate (walking, pushing, lifting)
__ heavy (pick and shovel work, heavy lifting)

6. Site Conditions:
extreme heat or cold ____
outdoors____
confined spaces ____
elevated work ____
other____
protective clothing/equipment (other than respirator) Please list:
_______________________________________

7. Please attach a copy of the company's respirator program.

8. Please complete the chart below for workers who will be assigned a respirator (check all that apply).

Name

Date of Birth

Respirator

Facepiece

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

APR___	PAPR___
SAR___	SCBA___

1/2___	full___
hood/helmet___

Notes:
APR - Air purifying respirator
PAPR - Power air purifying respirator
SAR - Supplied air respirator (air line)
SCBA - Self-contained breathing apparatus
1/2 - Half face respirator
full - Full face respirator
hood/helmet - covers nose, mouth, head and neck and may cover portions of the shoulders and torso

Medical Evaluation Questionnaire (English)

Medical Evaluation Questionnaire (Spanish)

Employee Instructions for Filling out Respirator MEQ (English)

Attached is a medical evaluation questionnaire for you to fill out. The OSHA standard requires that any employee who wears a respirator must be medically evaluated to ensure the safety and health of the employee. Your answers to this questionnaire will be kept confidential. Your employer does not have the right to view your answers.

A physician or licensed health care professional (PLHCP) will review the questionnaire. If you have any questions about the questionnaire or concerns about respirator use and your health, you can call the PLHCP ___________________ at (_______) -- (___________________)

It is essential that you answer every question.
If you need assistance, please contact the PLHCP listed above.

If the PLHCP has any questions for you, s/he must be able to contact you. It is important that you include your home phone number and a time that you can be reached at home.

If you answer "yes" to any of the questions, please include any comments you might think important in helping the doctor evaluate your answers. (For example, if you have ever had pneumonia, note how long ago, or if you have high blood pressure, note if you are seeing a physician or taking medication to control it.) You can make notes near the question or on the back of the last page of this questionnaire.

The PLHCP may determine that a physical examination is necessary in order to better assess your ability to use a respirator. If so, your employer is required to provide you with a confidential medical examination at no cost to you.

The PLHCP will send a letter to you and your employer indicating if you are cleared for respirator use.

Thank you for your cooperation.

Employee Instructions for Filling out Respirator MEQ (Spanish)

INSTRUCCIONES PARA LLENAR EL CUESTIONARIO DE EVALUACIÓN MÉDICA DE EMPLEADOS QUE USAN RESPIRADORES

Adjunto encontrará un cuestionario de evaluación médica para que lo llene. La norma de OSHA exige que cualquier empleado que vaya a utilizar un respirador, pase por una valoración médica para asegurar su salud y su seguridad. Las respuestas que dé en el cuestionario son confidenciales. Su empleador no tiene derecho de ver sus respuestas.

Un médico o un profesional médico autorizado (en inglés PLHCP) va a revisar el cuestionario. Si tiene alguna pregunta sobre el cuestionario o alguna inquietud sobre el uso del respirador y su salud, puede llamar al PLHCP ___________________________________ al teléfono (_____) - ____________________.

Es muy importante que conteste todas las preguntas.
Si necesita ayuda, llame al PLHCP que se nombra arriba.

Si el PLHCP tiene alguna pregunta para usted, debe poder contactarlo. Es muy importante que incluya su número de teléfono y una hora a la que se le pueda llamar a su casa.

Si responde que "sí" a cualquiera de las preguntas, le agradeceríamos que nos dijera cualquier cosa que considere importante para ayudarle al médico a evaluar sus respuestas. (Por ejemplo, si le ha dado neumonía, diga hace cuánto tiempo le dió, o si tiene presión alta, diga si su médico se la está tratando o si está tomando medicamentos para la presión). Puede escribir notas cerca de la pregunta o en la parte de atrás de la última página de este cuestionario.

Es posible que el PLHCP determine que es necesario que usted se haga un examen físico para poder valorar mejor si usted puede usar un respirador. De ser así, su empleador deberá proporcionarle un examen médico confidencial sin costo para usted.

Si el PLHCP considera que usted está en capacidad de utilizar el respirador, le enviará una carta a usted y a su empleador para notificarle.

Muchas gracias por su cooperación.

Checklist 1: Suggested Respirator Training Topics

Topic
General requirements of OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard
Company respirator program; supervisor and worker responsibilities
Crystalline silica hazards on site; specify tools and tasks *
Health effects of crystalline silica dust exposure *
Respirator selection (why respirators are necessary), which respirators are required for each task
Limitation and capabilities of selected respirator type
How the respirator works, including type of filter, how to put it on, and how to inspect it for defects; sealing surfaces, valves, straps, cartridges and filters
Positive and negative pressure seal checks
Review fit testing and brief explanation of exercises
Cleaning, storage, maintenance, procedures and supplies
Emergency procedures: what to do if respirator fails, leaks, or causes skin irritation
How to maintain a good fit - facial hair policies, eyeglasses or any other personal protective equipment
When to change filters and where to get new filters and parts
Medical signs or symptoms that may effect respirator use; shortness of breath, dizziness

*Crystalline silica dust hazard awareness training topics

Respirator Fit Test Record

Employee Information
Name: ___________________
Date of Birth: ___________________
Home Address: ___________________

Employer Information
Employer: ___________________
Site: ___________________
Address:: ___________________

Fit Test Information
Test Date:____
Test method:(circle) Qualitative/Quantitative
Test givers name:________________
1. Respirator: Brand: ______ Model # : _____ Size: ______
2. Respirator: Brand: ______ Model # : _____ Size: ______

Sensitivity check: how many sprays (10) (20) (30)

Preliminary Procedures
Clean shaven
Positive/Negative face seal check

*Fit Test Exercises (one miute each)*
Normal breathing
Deep breathing
Turn head side to side
Moving head up and down
Talking
Jogging in place
Normal breathing

Pass Fit Test	Fail Fit Test

______________________________________
Employee Signature

Checklist 2: Respirator Supplies

Item
Spare respirator facepieces in various sizes (small, medium, large)
Replacement 100 series (HEPA) filters (N/R/P)*: keep 2-4 week supply on hand
Spare parts: valves, valve covers, straps
Cleaning and sanitizing solutions, mild soaps, diluted disinfectant
Respirator cleaning wipes for use in the field
Respirator storage containers: heavy duty, ziplock bags or rigid plastic containers

*N/R/P -100 designation indicate resistance to oil. N=not oil resistant /R = oil resistant /P=oil proof

Infosheet 2: Respirator Use Practices

Use a respirator when performing any crystalline silica dust generating activity or if you are in an area where other workers are generating silica dust.
Remain clean shaven when using a respirator.
Inspect the respirator before each use. Do not use a defective respirator.
Do positive and negative pressure seal checks every time you put on your respirator - at the beginning of the shift and after each break.
Use P-100 (HEPA) filters. They're color-coded purple, pink, or red. Know where to get replacement filters.
Change filters when they are difficult to breathe through, dirty, or damaged and in accordance with change-out schedule in the program.
Keep your respirator clean.
Store your respirator in a clean place when not in use.

Emergencies: If you detect leakage into the mask or skin irritation, leave the work area and deal with the problem.

Limitations: Respirators with P-100 filters will not protect you from solvents, paints, adhesives, other chemicals or in a low oxygen environment

Display this sheet where workers can easily see it.

Sample Respirator Records Summary

Last Name	First Name	Date of Birth	Respirator Type/Size	Medical Clearance Date	Fit Test Date	Training Date

Checklist 3: Evaluation of Site-Specific Respirator Program

Item
Have any new silica dust disturbing tasks been added to project? Have exposures been evaluated?
Are new employees receiving medical evaluation/fit testing /training in a timely manner?
Selection	Have respirators been selected for these new tasks? Ask workers if respirators:
	are comfortable
	are compatible with other personal protective equipment
	interfere with vision or communication
Medical Clearance	Have all wearers been medically cleared to use respirators?
Medical Clearance	Have arrangements been made to complete outstanding evaluations?
Training	Have all wearers been trained in respirator use in the past year?
	Have arrangements been made to complete outstanding training?
	Is training site-specific?
Fit Testing	Have all wearers been fit tested in the past year?
Fit Testing	Have plans been made to complete outstanding fit tests?
Respirator Use	Are workers using their respirators when needed?
Respirator Use	Are they wearing them correctly?
Storage & Maintenance	Are respirators being properly cleaned, stored and maintained?
	Are cleaning supplies available?
	Are convenient and clean storage facilities available?
Does the written program reflect changes to the program?

Back to Guides for Managing Crystalline Silica Control Programs in Construction

This paper appears in the eLCOSH website with the permission of the author and/or copyright holder and may not be reproduced without their consent. eLCOSH is an information clearinghouse. eLCOSH and its sponsors are not responsible for the accuracy of information provided on this web site, nor for its use or misuse.