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The construction
industry has historically led manufacturing and other major industrial
classifications in the overall rate of serious, nonfatal injuries and
illnesses (BLS, 1996). Bricklayers, for example, are consistently exposed
to awkward and extreme postures as a result of their work. The construction
of a brick wall consists of repetitive, short cycles that involve a wide
range of working postures for the mason. The degree of discomfort experienced
by the bricklayer is affected by such spatial factors as how "high"
or "low" the bricklaying is done. This paper addresses the ergonomic
implications of the bricklaying workplace. An extensive survey was designed
to investigate the following: prevalence of musculoskeletal problems among
masons; masons' perceived degree of discomfort at different heights of
a brick wall; masons' perceived productivity at different heights of a
brick wall, and; preferences of masons for the workplace layout. Initial
results show that musculoskeletal problems are most pronounced in the
low back (81.3%), shoulders (56.3%), elbows (52.1%), and knees (41.7%).
Masons rated their perceived speed and comfort levels as being highest
in the "Wrists/Hands to Elbows" zone of the workface (brick
wall), where minimal bending and extension of the back and minimal motion
of the arms is required. When asked about the material layout, 87.2% answered
that it made a difference to them how high the brick supply is stacked
on the scaffold. When given the option to specify how high they wanted
the materials supply located on the scaffold, 66.7% chose the "Wrists/Hands"
level, 18.5% chose the "Knees" level, and 7.4% chose the "Elbows"
level.
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